Numerical Simulation of Failure Behavior of Granular Debris Flows Based on Flume Model Tests

Figure 12

The failure mode of debris flow slope with medium sand or fine sand.

(a)   Retrogressive toe sliding

(b) Fluidized sliding

(c) Experimental test of medium sand

(d) Experimental test of fine sand

(e) Numerical simulation of medium sand

(f) Numerical simulation of fine sand