Comparative Studies on Cellular Behaviour of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus Linn. cv. Grenadin) Grown In Vivo and In Vitro for Early Detection of Somaclonal Variation

Table 4

Comparison between mean nuclear and cell areas of in vivo and in vitro grown Dianthus caryophyllus root meristems.

Dianthus caryophyllus	MS media + hormone (mg L^−1)	Age	Mean nuclear area, μm^2 (N)	Mean cell area, μm^2 (C)	Ratio (N/C)
In vivo	—	4-day-old; (standard growth)	26.59 ± 0.09^bcd	142.90 ± 0.59^def	0.19^a
In vitro	2 mg L^−1  NAA	1-day-old	35.66 ± 0.10^efgh	165.05 ± 0.58^g	0.22^ab
		2-day-old	30.34 ± 0.09^bcdef	124.73 ± 0.44^c	0.24^abc
		3-day-old	42.37 ± 0.12^hi	153.06 ± 0.48^fg	0.28^cd
		4-day-old	32.30 ± 0.08^cdefg	118.94 ± 0.04^bc	0.27^bcd
		1-week-old	43.95 ± 0.28^i	181.48 ± 0.49^h	0.24^abc
		2-week-old	29.64 ± 0.11^bcde	145.58 ± 0.56^ef	0.20^a
		3-week-old	17.66 ± 0.06^a	83.27 ± 0.31^a	0.21^a
		4-week-old	33.03 ± 0.10^defg	106.57 ± 0.30^b	0.31^d
		5-week-old	30.48 ± 0.11^bcdef	129.92 ± 0.54^cd	0.23^abc
		6-week-old	25.95 ± 0.09^bc	131.28 ± 0.56^cde	0.20^a
		7-week-old	38.21 ± 0.12^ghi	142.23 ± 0.59^def	0.27^bcd
		8-week-old	30.23 ± 0.10^bcdef	143.38 ± 0.54^def	0.21^a
		3-month-old	36.50 ± 0.12^efgh	157.14 ± 0.60^fg	0.23^abc
		4-month-old	36.88 ± 0.12^fgh	153.14 ± 0.61^fg	0.24^abc
		6-month-old	24.53 ± 0.09^b	105.27 ± 0.44^b	0.23^abc

∗Means with different letters in the same column differ significantly at P < 0.05 by one way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test.