Maternal Hypotension during Fetoscopic Surgery: Incidence and Its Impact on Fetal Survival Outcomes

Table 3

Perioperative characteristics of patients with and without intraoperative hypotension. Intraoperative hypotension is defined as maternal systolic blood pressure below 80% of baseline and an absolute value less than 90 mmHg. Only nifedipine exposure patients were included to minimize confounder. The Cincinnati staging system, which integrates the severity of cardiomyopathy into IIIa (mild cardiomyopathy), IIIb (moderate cardiomyopathy), IIIc (severe cardiomyopathy), and IV (hydrops), was used to compare the severity of TTTS in this study.

	Hypotension (𝑛=113)	No hypotension (𝑛=93)	𝑃 value
Preoperative
Gestational age at procedure (week)	21.4±2.4	20.9±2.6	0.148
Cincinnati staging
(i) IIIa	14 (12.4%)	9 (9.7%)	0.653
(ii) IIIb	23 (20.4%)	19 (20.4%)
(iii) IIIc	67 (59.3%)	58 (62.4%)
(iv) IV	9 (8.0%)	7 (7.5%)
Intraoperative
Surgery time (min)	64.8±24.3	63.0±23.0	0.590
Anesthesia time (min)	100.6±26.3	96.0±24.6	0.206
Duration of intraoperative hypotension (min)	25.6±22.9	0
Number of patients who received intraoperative vasopressor	113 (100%)	88 (94.6%)	0.013
Number of vasopressor treatments	8.24±4.82	3.42±2.37	<0.001
Postoperative
Donor twin
Gestational age at birth (week)	30.5±4.1	30.7±3.4	0.713
Body weight at birth (g)	1371.1±626.2	1416.6±604.4	0.683
Recipient twin
Gestational age at birth (week)	30.5±4.1	30.7±3.4	0.713
Body weight at birth (g)	1623.8±626.8	1627.4±620.4	0.973

Data shown in mean ± SD, or number (%).