An Experimental Study on Pile Spacing Effects under Lateral Loading in Sand

<table>Pile group configurations and pile spacing ratio (<svg height="15.2875" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-2.457pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.4125 15.2875" width="13.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,12.162)"><path d="M451 537l-16 -21l-154 95v-791h-58v791l-154 -95l-16 21q129 105 199 175q70 -70 199 -175z" id="x2191"></path></g>
</svg> is the lateral loading direction).</table>

The Scientific World Journal

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Figure 3

Figure 3: An Experimental Study on Pile Spacing Effects under Lateral Loading in Sand 