A High-Fat Diet Enriched with Low Omega-6 to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Reduced Fat Cellularity and Plasma Leptin Concentration in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Table 2

Plasma fatty acid profile of treatment groups.

Fatty acid (g/100 ml)	Experimental diets
Name	CTRL	HFAR	MFAR	LFAR	SEM
Capric acid (10:0)	n/d	n/d	0.5^a	0.5^a	0.14
Lauric acid (12:0)	n/d	0.3^a	0.2^a	0.3^a	0.07
Myristic acid (14:0)	0.5^a	0.7^ab	0.7^bc	1.0^c	0.10
Pentadecanoic acid (15:0)	0.6^ab	0.5^a	0.7^ab	0.8^b	0.06
Palmitic acid (16:0)	18.1^ab	19.9^b	16.6^a	19.0^ab	0.70
Palmitoleic acid (16:1)	0.7^a	0.5^a	1.2^b	1.2^b	0.18
Heptadecanoic acid (17:0)	0.6^a	0.5^a	0.7^ab	0.9^b	0.09
Stearic acid (18:0)	11.7^ab	12.4^b	11.2^a	10.4^a	0.42
Oleic acid (18:1)	9.9^a	12.3^a	13.2^a	11.2^a	0.71
Linoleic acid (18:2(n-6))	22.3^a	19.3^a	23.8^a	24.3^a	1.13
Linolenic acid (18:3(n-3))	0.4	n/d	n/d	0.01	0.01
Arachidic acid (20:0)	0.8^b	0.4^a	0.7^b	0.9^b	0.11
Cis-11-Eicosenoic (20:1)	0.4^a	0.6^ab	0.4^a	0.8^b	0.10
Cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic (20:3)	0.5^a	0.5^ab	0.7^b	n/d	0.15
Arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6))	30.9^b	28.9^b	20.1^a	14.6^a	1.81
Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n-3))	n/d	n/d	2.5^a	5.4^b	1.28
Behenic acid (22:0)	0.8^a	1.5^b	1.6^ab	1.5^ab	0.18
Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5(n-3))	n/d	n/d	0.6^a	1.1^b	0.27
Docosahexanoic acid (22:6(n-3))	2.0^a	1.8^a	4.6^b	6.4^b	0.10
Total saturated fatty acids^ns	33.0	36.2	33.0	35.3	0.82
Total unsaturated fatty acids^ns	67.0	63.8	67.0	64.7	0.82
Total monounsaturated fatty acids^ns	11.0	13.4	14.7	13.2	0.79
Total PUFA n-3	2.4^a	1.8^a	7.7^b	12.91^c	0.60
Total PUFA n-6	53.2^b	48.7^b	43.9^ab	38.9^a	3.05
n-6 : n-3 ratio	22.17^b	34.1^b	5.7^a	3.02^a	1.91
U : S ratio^ns	2.0	1.8	2.04	1.8	0.07
P : S ratio	1.7^c	1.4^a	1.6^bc	1.5^ab	0.06

 ^a,b,cValues with different superscripts within rows are significantly different (𝑃<0.05); n/d: not detected; S: saturated; U: unsaturated; P: polyunsaturated; ^nsnot significant. SEM:  standard error of means.
CTRL:  control group; HFAR:  high n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratio group; MFAR:  medium n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratio group; LFAR: low n-6 : n-3 fatty acid ratio group.