An Innovative Thinking-Based Intelligent Information Fusion Algorithm

Table 1

The test functions.

Test functions	Domain	Characteristics
𝑓1(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖=1𝑥^2𝑖	𝑥𝑖∈[−5.12,5.12],𝑖=1,2,…,𝑛	Unimodal function, the optimum value locates on point 0
𝑓2(𝑥)=100(𝑥^21−𝑥2)^2+(1−𝑥1)^2	𝑥𝑖∈[−2.048,2.048],𝑖=1,2,…,𝑛	Unimodal function is a nonconvex and pathological function. The global optimum value is located in a smooth, long, and narrow parabolic canyon
𝑓3(𝑥)=0.5+(sin^2𝑥^21+𝑥^22−0.5)/[1.0+0.001(𝑥^21+𝑥^22)]^2	𝑥𝑖∈[−100,100],𝑖=1,2,…,𝑛	Multimodal function. It shows a ring of local minimum values on the uplift in a range that is about 3.14 away from the global minimum value. It has strong oscillation properties. And its global minimum value is surrounded by local minimum values.
𝑓4(𝑥)=(1/4000)∑^𝑛𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖−100)^2−∏^𝑛𝑖=1cos((𝑥𝑖−100)/√𝑖)+1	𝑥𝑖∈[−100,100],𝑖=1,2,…,𝑛	Multimodal function, the global minimum value 0 is obtained on 𝑥𝑖=0
𝑓5(𝑥)=∑^𝑛𝑖=1(𝑥^2𝑖−10cos(2𝜋𝑥𝑖)+10)	𝑥𝑖∈[−5.12,5.12],𝑖=1,2,…,𝑛	Ultra multimodal function, it contains about 𝑛^11 local minimum values