Assessment of Total Phenolic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities of Passiflora Species

Table 2

Antibacterial activity of different solvent extracts from the leaves of Passiflora species.

Bacteria	Plant extracts inhibition zone diameter in mm									STD
	Passiflora edulis			Passiflora quadrangularis			Passiflora maliformis
	PE	ACT	MET	PE	ACT	MET	PE	ACT	MET
Gram-positive bacteria
S. aureus	8.4±0.5^e	11.4±0.4^cd	14.5±0.6^b	12.3±0.8^bc	13.7±0.6^bc	13.3±0.3^bc	8.3±0.4^e	9.1±0.3^de	14.2±0.6^b	24.7±0.6^a
B. cereus	10.2±0.2^ef	9.8±0.3^ef	17.5±0.4^b	8.0±0.2^f	13.6±0.3^cd	15.7±0.4^c	11.9±0.1^de	10.8±0.2^def	18.7±0.2^b	28.6±0.7^a
B. subtilis	8.7±0.1^e	10.6±0.6^de	14.0±0.6^c	9.1±0.3^e	10.5±0.2^de	9.3±0.2^e	10.4±0.2^de	11.3±0.2^d	22.5±0.8^b	30.8±0.8^a
L.  monocytogenes	10.1±0.3^b	13.2±1.0^b	14.5±0.5^b	9.6±0.5^b	10.4±0.6^b	12.5±0.4^b	12.6±1.1^b	10.8±0.3^b	14.2±0.7^b	21.7±0.5^a
S. gallolyticus	8.7±0.4^e	10.3±0.2^de	11.6±0.2^de	11.2±0.2^de	8.6±0.2^e	12.1±0.1^cde	13.5±0.3^cd	16.3±0.1^c	20.5±0.5^b	28.3±0.2^a
Gram-negative bacteria
P. aeruginosa	9.7±0.4^bc	9.8±0.2^bc	10.6±0.5^ab	7.2±0.4^de	6.2±0.2^e	8.5±0.3^cd	7.4±0.5^de	7.7±0.4^de	8.3±0.4^cd	12.3±0.6^a
K. oxytoca	10.4±0.8^d	13.3±0.6^c	11.2±0.4^d	9.2±0.6^d	9.5±0.1^d	9.3±0.1^d	14.2±0.9^c	21.4±0.8^b	14.5±0.3^c	26.2±0.5^a
P. vulgaris	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	7.6±0.3^c	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	15.0±0.6^b	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	14.7±0.4^b	23.3±0.6^a
S. enteritidis	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	6.8±0.5^b	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	6.8±0.2^b	0.0±0.0	0.0±0.0	7.6±0.3^b	21.5±0.2^a
E. coli	9.1±0.6^ab	7.2±0.3^b	10.6±0.3^a	7.0±0.1^b	7.1±0.5^b	7.2±0.5^b	9.1±0.1^ab	7.0±0.6^b	9.0±0.2^ab	11.3±0.1^a

Different superscript letters within the same row indicate significant differences (Tukey’s test, 𝑃<0.05) of the means for each solvent extract of the Passiflora. PE: petroleum ether; ACT: acetone; MET: methanol; STD: standard (chloramphenicol).