IgG, IgM, and IgA Antinuclear Antibodies in Discoid and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Table 1
Patient characteristics.
Normal
DLE
SLE
value*
22
23
35
—
Age at visit, yr (SD)
43 (11)
43 (11)
42 (12)
0.93
Gender (M/F)
3/19
3/20
3/32
0.70
Ethnicity, (%)
Caucasian
6 (27)
6 (26)
6 (17)
0.60
African American
14 (64)
16 (70)
21 (60)
0.76
Hispanic
2 (9)
1 (4)
8 (23)
0.12
CLASI activity score, mean (SD)
N/A
7 (7)
10 (8)†
0.27
CLASI damage score, mean (SD)
N/A
8 (5)
11 (8)†
0.13
SLEDAI score, mean (SD)
N/A
1 (2)
3 (3)‡
0.03
Disease duration, mean (SD)
N/A
8 (9)
8 (10)
0.88
Lupus medications at study visit, (%)
Topical/intralesional corticosteroids
N/A
9 (39)
10 (29)
0.40
Hydroxychloroquine
N/A
14 (61)
17 (49)
0.36
Chloroquine
N/A
3 (13)
1 (3)
0.29
Quinacrine
N/A
4 (17)
2 (16)
0.20
Methotrexate
N/A
2 (9)
1 (3)
0.56
Prednisone
N/A
0 (0)
19 (54)
<0.0001
Mycophenolate mofetil
N/A
1 (4)
10 (29)
0.04
Efalizumab
N/A
0 (0)
1 (3)
1.00
Leflunomide
N/A
0 (0)
1 (3)
1.00
Cyclophosphamide
N/A
0 (0)
1 (3)
1.00
None
N/A
6 (26)
3 (9)
0.13
SLE criteria, (%)
Malar rash
N/A
1 (4)
5 (14)
0.39
Discoid rash
N/A
23 (100)
17 (49)
<0.0001
Photosensitivity
N/A
15 (65)
17 (49)
0.21
Oral ulcers
N/A
3 (13)
12 (34)
0.12
Arthritis
N/A
2 (9)
19 (54)
0.0006
Serositis
N/A
0 (0)
11 (31)
0.002
Renal disorder
N/A
0 (0)
18 (51)
<0.0001
Neurological disorder
N/A
0 (0)
1 (3)
1.00
Hematological disorder
N/A
3 (13)
28 (80)
<0.0001
Positive ANA
N/A
8 (35)
34 (97)
<0.0001
Immunological disorder
N/A
0 (0)
32 (91)
<0.0001
1 SLE patient met three criteria (renal disorder, positive ANA, and immunological disorder). values for 2-group comparisons were calculated using Student’s -test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test or chi-squared test for categorical variables, while values for 3-group comparisons were calculated using one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test or chi-squared test for categorical variables. CLASI activity and damage scores were calculated for 16 SLE patients with discoid lupus. ‡SLEDAI scores were not calculated for eight SLE patients. Disease duration was not available for three SLE patients. ANOVA: analysis of variance; CLASI: Cutaneous Lupus Disease Area and Severity Index; DLE: discoid lupus erythematosus; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease and Activity Index.
