An Active System for Visually-Guided Reaching in 3D across Binocular Fixations

Figure 2

Frames of reference for visuomotor tasks. The required movement to grasp the mug is the angle from arm to target. This is the angle from body-to-arm minus the sum of the angles from target-to-fovea, eye-in-head, and head-on-body. In practice, eye, head, and body are often aligned before such a grasp movement, but such alignment is not essential (courtesy of Tatler and Land [22]).