Physicochemical Characterization and Thermodynamic Studies of Nanoemulsion-Based Transdermal Delivery System for Fullerene

Table 5

Temperature-dependent activation parameter for PKOEs/Tween 80 : Span 80/water systems.

Formulation	ΔH (kJ mol^−1)				ΔG (kJ mol^−1)				Δ𝑆 (J K^−1 mol^−1)
	Temperature, K				Temperature, K				Temperature, K
	298	303	308	313	298	303	308	313	298	303	308	313
Pre-F	23.8	16.2	8.0	−0.7	38.8	38.4	38.1	37.9	−50.5	−75.3	−101.6	−129.1
FNE1	96.1	67.3	36.4	3.3	39.9	38.7	38.4	38.3	188.6	92.0	−10.7	−117.8
FNE2
(a)	47.6	29.3	9.8	−11.1	57.6	56.5	56.0	55.5	−33.8	−92.9	−156.1	−221.6
(b)	98.9	80.2	59.9	38.3	60.9	59.8	58.5	58.1	127.5	63.7	−1.7	−72.7
(c)	107.5	82.1	54.9	25.7	62.9	61.7	60.9	60.6	149.6	64.1	−26.3	−121.3
(d)	108.2	69.2	27.3	−17.4	64.0	62.5	62.2	62.0	148.3	18.5	−120.0	−263.8
(e)	81.7	60.8	38.3	14.3	64.7	63.9	63.3	63.3	57.1	−13.7	−88.0	−166.6
FNE3
(a)	52.8	59.2	65.9	72.9	57.8	57.1	56.3	55.4	−16.8	3.7	25.0	46.9
(b)	91.7	71.9	50.6	27.9	61.3	60.0	59.5	59.0	102.0	36.0	−35.4	−109.0
(c)	96.5	72.3	46.3	18.5	63.2	61.8	61.2	60.7	111.8	31.1	−55.0	−144.7
(d)	107.0	77.0	44.9	10.5	64.1	62.8	62.2	62.1	144.0	43.3	−63.1	−174.8
(e)	91.0	65.8	38.8	9.9	65.0	64.1	63.5	63.5	87.0	2.2	−87.1	−181.2
FNE4
(a)	63.3	64.7	66.0	67.4	57.9	57.2	56.4	55.7	18.0	21.5	25.2	28.4
(b)	69.0	52.2	34.2	15.0	61.4	60.4	59.7	59.3	25.3	−30.4	−89.1	−151.0
(c)	81.2	58.8	34.7	9.0	63.5	62.2	61.6	61.1	59.5	−14.7	−94.1	−176.4
(d)	98.1	73.9	48.0	20.2	64.3	63.1	62.6	62.3	113.4	32.0	−54.3	−144.5
(e)	78.3	60.4	41.1	20.4	65.2	64.3	63.8	63.6	44.2	−16.6	−80.7	−148.2
FNE5
(a)	68.0	61.1	53.7	45.7	58.2	57.5	56.7	56.2	32.7	8.8	−15.8	−42.7
(b)	83.7	62.1	38.9	14.1	61.9	60.6	60.0	59.5	73.1	1.6	−75.2	−154.7
(c)	95.2	68.7	40.2	9.8	63.9	62.6	62.1	61.8	105.3	16.6	−77.6	−176.1
(d)	81.7	60.0	36.8	11.9	64.4	63.5	63.3	63.1	57.9	−14.9	−93.0	−173.8
(e)	73.5	56.1	37.5	17.5	65.2	64.4	63.9	63.7	27.6	−31.0	−92.7	−157.8