(R1) has a plausible distracter (R2) avoids excessive verbiage (R3) contains no negative or other counterintuitive wordings without underlining or special emphasis
Stem (S)
(R4) deals with a central problem (R5) has the to-be-completed phrase at the end
Responses (R)
(R6) are grammatically consistent with the stem (R7) do not necessarily repeat language from the stem (R8) are all of approximately the same length (R9) avoid the use of “all of the above” or “none of the above.” (R10) contain one correct answer
