The Scientific World Journal

Research Article

Virulence Profiles, Phylogenetic Background, and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Turkeys with Airsacculitis

Table 3

Distribution of virulence genes and phylogenetic groups in relation to antibiotic resistance phenotypes among 225 ExPEC isolates.
AntibioticNALaENRNORAMOCTXFOXTIOERYGENSTRFLOTETSXT
Virulence factor
astA                   ++       
vat    + + ++        +  ++   ++ +
irp2    + ++ ++        +  +   + +
cvi/cva +c  + + +    +   +  ++  + +
neuS    + +  + + +   +      +  
iroN                           
iss      +                    
papC                   +       
ibeA    + +                 +  
iucD                 +         
tsh    + + +       ++        +
MVd (≥5 VF)   + + +        +        +
Non-MV (<5)  + + +          +      + 
Phylogroup                          
A +                        
B1+ ++ ++ +               +   
B2   ++ ++ +        +      +  
D                          
Virulence score5.55.24.35.64.15.64.95.95.45.45.75.36.65.35.35.86.755.25.66.15.35.16.54.85.7
NAL: nalidixic acid, ENR: enrofloxacin, NOR: norfloxacin, AMO: amoxicillin, CTX: cefotaxime, FOX: cefoxitin, TIO: ceftiofur, ERY: erythromycin, GEN: gentamycin, STR: streptomycin, FLO: florfenicol, TET: tetracycline, SXT: sulfamethoxazole/trimetropim. Sulfamethazine is not shown in the table because it was not associated with any trait of virulence.
: resistant, : susceptible.
Positive association between traits (“+” ; “++” ). Only statistically significant differences are shown. MV: multivirulent.