An Exploration on the Suitability of Airborne Carbonyl Compounds Analysis in relation to Differences in Instrumentation (GC-MS versus HPLC-UV) and Standard Phases (Gas versus Liquid)
Table 5
Comparison of basic QA parameters in CC analysis between different standard phases using both HPLC and GC methods.
(a) Precision (relative standard error (RSE): in %)
FA/B
AA
PA
BA
IA
VA
HPLC
Gasa
1.81 (FA)
1.97
2.33
2.26
1.76
1.92
Liquidb
0.46 (FA)
0.80
0.92
0.67
0.70
0.78
GC-MS
Gasc
0.23 (B)
0.24
0.35
0.55
0.03
0.49
Liquidd
3.46 (B)
1.14
4.32
2.61
3.14
3.34
Loading volume = 8 L (8 min at a flow rate = 1 L min−1) of 121 (VA) to 1171 ppb standard (FA); binjection amount = 20 L of 0.6 ng L−1 (12 ng); cloading volume = 100 mL (1 min at flow rate = 100 mL min−1) of 38 (VA) to 250 ppb standard (AA); and d1 L injection of 18 (VA) to 54 ng L−1 (AA) liquid standard.
(b) Detection limits
Unitsa
FA/B
AA
PA
BA
IA
VA
HPLC
Gasb
pg
21.0 (FA)
37.7
69.8
77.6
123.9
82.2
ppb
0.53 (FA)
0.65
0.92
0.82
1.10
0.73
Liquidc
pg
27.6 (FA)
36.0
45.5
57.2
70.2
71.6
ppb
0.70 (FA)
0.63
0.60
0.61
0.62
0.64
pMol
0.92 (FA)
0.82
0.78
0.79
0.83
0.82
GC-MS
Gasd
ng
0.07 (B)
9.68
0.81
0.16
0.11
0.11
ppb
0.02 (B)
5.37
0.34
0.05
0.03
0.03
Liquide
ng
0.07 (B)
2.97
1.50
0.18
0.12
0.12
ppb
0.02 (B)
1.65
0.63
0.06
0.03
0.03
To calculate concentration in ppb, the total sample volumes are assumed as 8 (HPLC) and 1 L (GC-MS); bloading volume = 8 L (8 min at a flow rate = 1 L min−1) of 2.7 (VA) to 26 ppb standard (FA); cinjection amount = 0.5 ng (20 L of 0.025 ng L−1); dloading volume = 50 mL (1 min at flow rate = 50 mL min−1) of 0.76 (VA) to 4.98 ppb standard (AA); and e1 L injection of 0.29 (IA) to 0.87 ng L−1 (AA) liquid standard.
