Enhancement of BDNF Concentration and Restoration of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Accompany Reduced Depressive-Like Behaviour in Stressed Ovariectomised Rats Treated with Either Tualang Honey or Estrogen

Table 1

Effects of surgery and stress on depressive-like behaviour.

Group	Duration (seconds)
	Swimming	Immobility	Struggling
Sham-operated
Nonstressed	131.70±1.59	78.00±2.0	94.41±1.08
Stressed	133.30±2.19	72.10±2.50	94.12±1.33
OVX
Nonstressed	120.28±1.41	115.30±1.54	51.10±1.49
Stressed	109.70±3.40^∗	18.91±2.66	57.70±3.28^∗
Stress effect	𝑃>0.05	𝑃<0.05	𝑃<0.05
Surgery effect	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.001
Stress × surgery; interaction	𝑃<0.05	𝑃<0.05	𝑃<0.05

Each value represents the mean ± SEM of 10 rats, significantly different from nonstressed group at ^∗𝑃<0.05.