Cytotoxic Constituents from the Rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria
Table 2
Antiproliferative activity [IC50 values (µg/mL)]a and selectivity index of isolated compounds against selected human cancer cell lines and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
Compounds
IC50 (µg/mL) SIb
MCF-7
Ca Ski
PC-3
HT-29
HUVEC
labda-8(17), 12 diene-15, 16 dial (1)
16.3 ± 0.2 (2.8)
14.5 ± 0.1 (3.1)
26.3 ± 2.4 (1.7)
21.5 ± 3.1 (2.1)
45.3 ± 1.9
dehydrocurdione (2)
33.0 ± 1.1 (0.7)
21.7 ± 1.1 (1.1)
19.1 ± 2.8 (1.3)
22.7 ± 2.4 (1.1)
24.0 ± 2.1
curcumenone (3)
8.3 ± 1.0 (6.0)
>100.0 (0.5)
39.8 ± 4.2 (1.3)
43.3 ± 6.2 (1.2)
50.0 ± 8.6
comosone II (4)
>100.0
76.0 ± 1.2
na
na
na
curcumenol (5)
9.3 ± 0.3 (2.8)
18.5 ± 1.0 (1.4)
17.3 ± 1.2 (1.5)
24.8 ± 2.7 (1.0)
25.9 ± 1.4
procurcumenol (6)
16.1 ± 2.2 (1.0)
62.4 ± 0.3 (0.3)
13.3 ± 1.7 (1.2)
15.5 ± 2.3 (1.1)
16.3 ± 1.0
germacrone (7)
59.1 ± 2.9 (1.2)
39.3 ± 1.2 (1.9)
55.2 ± 4.9 (1.3)
42.9 ± 4.1 (1.7)
73.7 ± 0.3
zerumbone epoxide (8)
24.1 ± 0.1 (0.6)
34.5 ± 0.6 (0.4)
10.8 ± 1.9 (1.3)
13.7 ± 2.7 (1.0)
14.2 ± 1.1
zederone (9)
>100.0 (0.4)
>100.0 (0.4)
27.0 ± 1.9 (1.6)
19.1 ± 2.5 (2.2)
42.1 ± 2.7
second monoclinic curcumenol (10)
>100.0 (0.7)
>100.0 (0.7)
na
na
71.7 ± 6.1
furanodiene (11)
36.5 ± 2.6 (1.1)
na
39.5 ± 4.5 (1.0)
47.2 ± 4.4 (0.9)
40.9 ± 2.6
germacrone-4, 5-epoxide (12)
37.2 ± 4.0 (1.3)
na
43.9 ± 7.2 (1.1)
39.6 ± 4.6 (1.2)
48.4 ± 4.7
calcaratarin A (13)
62.5 ± 4.8 (0.8)
na
41.7 ± 3.4 (1.1)
48.3 ± 5.1 (1.0)
47.3 ± 4.2
isoprocurcumenol (14)
58.8 ± 4.2 (0.8)
na
37.4 ± 4.5 (1.2)
51.6 ± 3.9 (0.9)
45.1 ± 3.0
germacrone-1, 10-epoxide (15)
61.2 ± 5.8 (0.9)
na
53.2 ± 4.9 (1.0)
72.8 ± 8.3 (0.8)
55.5 ± 1.6
zerumin A (16)
22.3 ± 1.1 (1.2)
na
21.9 ± 1.6 (1.2)
17.4 ± 2.0 (1.5)
25.8 ± 1.9
curcumanolide A (17)
29.8 ± 3.1 (0.7)
na
18.8 ± 2.4 (1.2)
21.3 ± 3.2 (1.0)
21.7 ± 7.0
curcuzedoalide (18)
49.8 ± 3.6 (0.9)
na
62.1 ± 8.1 (0.7)
58.2 ± 3.5 (0.8)
45.3 ± 7.8
gweicurculactone (19)
31.2 ± 3.2 (2.3)
na
38.3 ± 2.2 (1.9)
35.7 ± 5.8
71.7 ± 6.1 (2.0)
doxorubicin*
0.1 ± 0.0 (4.0)
0.2 ± 1.0 (2.0)
na
na
1.4 ± 0.0
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of three replicates.
bSI is the selectivity index. SI ≥3.0 denotes high selectivity towards cancerous cells.
*na-not available.
