The Interaction of Bacteria with Engineered Nanostructured Polymeric Materials: A Review

Table 2

Techniques used in determining antibacterial activity of materials.

Evaluation of bacterial survivability	Determination of antibacterial activity	Determination of intercellular components leakage (cations, RNA, DNA, and proteins)	Microscopy for morphological observations	Determination of lipid peroxidation products by spectroscopic studies	Evaluationof bacteria killing throughout biofilm
(i) CFU plate counting; (ii) CTC staining; (iii) Resazurin assay; (iv) FDA assay	Well or paper disk diffusion methods	(i) Laser kinetic; (ii) Spectrophotometry; (iii) FTIR	(i) TEM; (ii) SEM; (iii) AFM; (iv) CLSM		(i) Image-analyzed epifluorescence; (ii) SEM; (iii) CLSM; (iv) AFM; (v) Colorimetric biomass assays (crystal violet, Syto 9, resazurin assay, and FDA assay)