Isolation and Characterization of Paracoccus sp. GSM2 Capable of Degrading Textile Azo Dye Reactive Violet 5

Table 1

Biochemical and sugar utilization tests of bacterial strain GSM2.

Characteristics	Bacterial strain GSM2
Catalase	−
Oxidase	+
Urease	+
Citrate utilization	−
Nitrate reduction	+
Glucose	+
Adonitol	+
Lactose	−
Sorbitol	+
Esculin hydrolysis	−
Xylose	−
Maltose	+
Fructose	+
Galactose	−
Raffinose	−
Trehalose	+
Melibiose	−
Sucrose	+
L-Arabinose	+
Mannose	+
Inulin	+
Sodium gluconate	+
Glycerol	+
Salicin	+
Dulcitol	+
Inositol	+
Mannitol	[+]
Arabitol	+
Erythritol	[+]
α-Methyl-D-glucoside	+
Rhamnose	+
Cellobiose	+
Melezitose	+
α-Methyl-D-mannoside	−
Xylitol	−
ONPG	−
D-Arabinose	+
Malonate utilization	+
Sorbose	−

+: positive, [+]: weakly positive, and −: negative.