Mine Land Reclamation and Eco-Reconstruction in Shanxi Province I: Mine Land Reclamation Model

Table 1

Technical requirements of the land reclamation mode.

Reclamation mode	Application	Technical requirements
Agriculture	Plantation, garden	Land leveling spread topsoil. For the food crops, the topsoil should not be less than 0.5 meter, of which the humus layer should not be less than 0.2-0.3 meter. The filling material should not contain harmful element, if any the isolation layer is needed and the thickness should not be less than 0.4 meter. The hydraulic condition should be good. The demand of topsoil: the soil mass density should not be more than 1.5 g/cm^3. The proportion of clay and sand is 1 : 3 or 1 : 2. The porosity is no less than 40%–50%. The content of the soluble sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate is no more than 5%. Sodium oxide is no more than 0.01% and the pH value should be 6–8.
Forestry	Planting trees, orchard	The terrain may have appropriate grade and the topsoil is needed. For planting trees, the topsoil is no less than 0.3 meter and the plant pit needs more than 1 meter. The isolated layer is needed if the filling material contains harmful elements. The thickness of the filling material is no less than 0.4 meter and filling material should be punning.
Fishery	Reservoir, fish-farming	The gradient of the shoreside should not be too steep. The area of the water should not be too large. The quality of the water should meet the water quality standard for fisheries.
Construction	Civilian, industry	The land needs to be punned well and the houses need antideformation measure.
Tourist	Stadium, park, swimming pool	The land needs to be punned well and the houses need antideformation measure.
Headwaters	Irrigation, drinking	The land needs to be punned well. The isolated layer is needed and its thickness is no less than 0.5 meter. In addition, cement to harden the surface is needed if necessary.