Mine Land Reclamation and Eco-Reconstruction in Shanxi Province I: Mine Land Reclamation Model
Table 1
Technical requirements of the land reclamation mode.
Reclamation mode
Application
Technical requirements
Agriculture
Plantation, garden
Land leveling spread topsoil. For the food crops, the topsoil should not be less than 0.5 meter, of which the humus layer should not be less than 0.2-0.3 meter. The filling material should not contain harmful element, if any the isolation layer is needed and the thickness should not be less than 0.4 meter. The hydraulic condition should be good. The demand of topsoil: the soil mass density should not be more than 1.5 g/cm3. The proportion of clay and sand is 1 : 3 or 1 : 2. The porosity is no less than 40%–50%. The content of the soluble sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate is no more than 5%. Sodium oxide is no more than 0.01% and the pH value should be 6–8.
Forestry
Planting trees, orchard
The terrain may have appropriate grade and the topsoil is needed. For planting trees, the topsoil is no less than 0.3 meter and the plant pit needs more than 1 meter. The isolated layer is needed if the filling material contains harmful elements. The thickness of the filling material is no less than 0.4 meter and filling material should be punning.
Fishery
Reservoir, fish-farming
The gradient of the shoreside should not be too steep. The area of the water should not be too large. The quality of the water should meet the water quality standard for fisheries.
Construction
Civilian, industry
The land needs to be punned well and the houses need antideformation measure.
Tourist
Stadium, park, swimming pool
The land needs to be punned well and the houses need antideformation measure.
Headwaters
Irrigation, drinking
The land needs to be punned well. The isolated layer is needed and its thickness is no less than 0.5 meter. In addition, cement to harden the surface is needed if necessary.