Invasive and Ultrasound Based Monitoring of the Intracranial Pressure in an Experimental Model of Epidural Hematoma Progressing towards Brain Tamponade on Rabbits
Table 1
Ultrasound and other parameters in the study group ( rabbits).
Variable
Baseline
Volume of epidural hematoma = 1 mL
Mean (95% CI)
SD
Mean (95% CI)
SD
Intracranial pressure (mm Hg)
5.85 (5.57 to 6.12)
±0.58
42.20 (41.34 to 43.05)*
±1.82
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
83.40 (80.78 to 86.01)
±31.20
199.30 (195.28 to 203.31)*
±8.57
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
49.10 (48.70 to 49.49)
±0.85
103.40 (101.31 to 105.48)*
±4.45
Pulsatility index (PI)
0.70 (0.64 to 0.76)
±0.13
Oscillating flow (PI > 7)*
Optic nerve sheath diameter (mm)
1.73 (1.63 to 1.83)
±0.22
2.78 (2.64 to 2.92)*
±0.30
Maximum pupillary diameter (mm)
2.29 (2.24 to 2.33)
±0.10
2.33 (2.26 to 2.40)
±0.15
Minimum pupillary diameter (mm)
1.59 (1.54 to 1.63)
±0.10
2.33 (2.26 to 2.40)
±0.15
Pupil constriction velocity (cm/s)
0.089 (0.084 to 0.098)
±0.10
0.0 (fixed pupil)*
±0
*The differences between values of the neuromonitoring indices at baseline versus at volume of epidural hematoma = 1 mL were all statistically significant (paired -test; ).
