Optimization of Reflux Conditions for Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Extraction and Enhanced Antioxidant Capacity in Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Using Response Surface Methodology

Table 1

Independent variables and their coded and actual values used for optimization.

Independent variable	Coded level
	Unit	Symbol	−1	0	+1	Axial (−α)	Axial (+α)
MC	%	𝑋1	10.52	50	89.48	20	80
ET	°C	𝑋2	23.68	50	76.32	30	70
LS ratio	%	𝑋3	16.84	30	43.16	20	40

MC: methanol concentration; ET: extraction temperature; LS ratio: liquid to solid ratio.