Biodiesel from Citrullus colocynthis Oil: Sulfonic-Ionic Liquid-Catalyzed Esterification of a Two-Step Process

Figure 11

Conversion of FFA versus reaction time. The reaction conditions were 12 : 1 methanol/CCO molar ratio, 3.6 wt% DSIMHSO₄, 150°C, and 600 rpm.