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| Electricity | General measures | (i) Switching off equipment when not in use |
| (ii) Load management and demand control |
| (iii) Power factor correction |
| (iv) Replacement of old transformers |
| (v) Tariff system |
| Electric motors |
(i) Using efficient belt drives |
| (ii) Replacing old and using high efficiency motors |
| (iii) Replacing overrated motors |
| (iv) Variable speed drives |
| Lighting |
(i) Replacement and use of efficient lamps, ballasts and luminaries |
| (ii) Lighting controls |
| (iii) Using daylight |
| (iv) Lighting maintenance |
| Compressed air |
(i) COMPRESSED AIR PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION (selection of a compressor and adequate control system, adjusting working pressure, heat recovery from hot compressed air, choosing proper location for installing a compressor, sizing of the compressor suction line, air dryer selection, equipment maintenance) |
| (ii) COMPRESSED AIR DISTRIBUTION (leakage prevention and minimization, proper design, and selection of receivers, proper dimensioning of lines) |
| (iii) COMPRESSED AIR USAGE (prevention of improper usage, filtration and lubrication, equipment maintenance, usage of efficient air guns) |
| Dust collection and transport system |
(i) Proper design and construction of hoods-control of air velocity in the pipe |
| (ii) Proper sizing of pneumatic pipelines, selection of standard system components, and proper location of their placement |
| (iii) Balancing pneumatic network lines |
| (iv) Replacing the overrating fans |
| (v) Selecting high efficiency fans |
| (vi) Improving the energy efficiency of fan’s electric motor drive |
| (vii) Leakage repair |
| (viii) Proper maintenance of components (motors and fans, separators, etc.) and whole system (leakage prevention) |
| Heat | Boilers (heat generation) |
(i) Proper boiler sizing |
| (ii) Proper selection and construction of the system for the supply of waste wood material |
| (iii) Proper selection and construction of a firebox |
| (iv) Control of combustion process (control and reduction of excess air, proper mixing of fuel and air, control of the combustible gas residence time), improved boiler insulation, |
| (v) Boiler maintenance |
| (vi) Reducing heat loss in flue gases (minimizing flue gas outlet temperature, minimizing the amount of flue gas output, reducing air infiltration) |
| (vii) Regeneration of waste heat from flue gasses (using economizers) |
| (viii) Condensate return (steam systems) |
| (ix) Blow-down heat recovery and so forth |
Hot water or
steam distribution |
(i) Insulation improvement |
| (ii) Insulation maintenance |
| (iii) Steam tarp replacement and maintenance (steam systems) |
| (iv) Leakage reduction |
| (v) Recovering flash steam (steam systems) |
| (vi) Electronic control and so forth |
| Heat use—space heating |
(i) Adjustment and control of heating temperature |
| (ii) Building insulation |
| (iii) Compressor waste heat usage |
| Heat use—process heating (dryers) | (i) Controlling drying process parameters |
| (ii) Controlling the amount and distribution of timber in a dryer |
| (iii) Installation of a recuperator in the ventilation system |
| (iv) Insulation of kilns and so forth |
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