Effect of Cytokines on Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption during Mechanical Force Loading of the Periodontal Membrane

Figure 1

Schema of appliance for orthodontic tooth movement in mice. The orthodontic appliance is composed of a Ni-Ti coil spring. The appliance was inserted between the upper incisors and the upper left first molar and fixed with a 0.1 mm stainless wire around both teeth.