The Scientific World Journal

Research Article

Burden and Depressive Symptoms Associated with Adult-Child Caregiving for Individuals with Heart Failure

Table 1

Clinical characteristics and demographic data of study population.
Demographic dataPatients ()Caregivers ()
Age (years)
Gender, male (%)63 (45.7)48 (34.8)
Education status (primary school), (%)81 (58.7)72 (52.1)
Marital status (married), (%)90 (65.2)99 (71.7)
Low socioeconomic status, (%)69 (50)48 (34.8)
Clinical characteristics of HF patientsPatients () 
Hypertension, (%)75 (54.3) 
Diabetes mellitus, (%)63 (45.7) 
Coronary artery disease, (%)33 (31.4) 
Smoking, (%)  
  No36 (26.1) 
  Yes102 (73.9) 
Ejection fraction (%) 
Serum creatinine levels (mg/dl) 
Pro-BNP levels (pg/mL) 
NYHA functional classification, (%)  
  Class 10 
  Class 251 (37) 
  Class 366 (47.8) 
  Class 421 (15.2) 
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number of study samples.
HF: heart failure; NYHA: The New York Heart Association; Pro-BNP: pro-brain natriuretic peptide.