Four Different Methods Comparison for Extraction of Astaxanthin from Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis

Table 3

¹H-NMR spectroscopy results for FA compositions profiles*.

Fatty acid compositions (%)	HCl-ACE	HEX-IPA	MET-ACE	Oil-soy
Linolenic acid (𝑛−3)	25.93	20.75	20.63	30.8
Linoleic acid (𝑛−6)	42.81	17.89	36.67	34.9
Oleic acid (monounsaturated FA)	13.93	34.54	14.75	14.0
Saturated FA	17.33	26.82	27.94	21.1
(𝑛−6)/(𝑛−3)	1.65	0.86	1.78	1.13
Total monounsaturated FA/total Saturated FA	0.80	1.29	0.53	0.66
Total PUFA/total Saturated FA	3.97	1.44	2.05	3.11

∗HCl: hydrochloric acid; ACE: acetone; HEX: hexane; IPA: isopropanol; MET: methanol; HCl-ACE: hydrochloric acid + acetone (5 : 5); Hex-IPA: hexane + isopropanol (6 : 4); MET-ACE: methanol + acetone (5 : 5); oil soy: extraction with soybean oil.