Development of UHPC Mixtures Utilizing Natural and Industrial Waste Materials as Partial Replacements of Silica Fume and Sand

Table 5

Details of the materials used as partial replacements of microsilica and sand.

Replacing materials	Source	Specific gravity	CaO; (% by mass)	SiO2(% by mass)
Natural pozzolana (NP)	Volcanic rocks in Western Province of Saudi Arabia	3.00	8.06	42.13
Fly ash (FA)	Local ready mixed concrete company in Saudi Arabia	2.25	8.38	45.30
Lime stone powder (LSP)	Local aggregate quarry in Abu Hadriyah, Saudi Arabia	2.60	45.70	11.79
Cement kiln dust (CKD)	Saudi Cement Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia	2.79	49.30	17.10
Pulverized steel slag (PSS)	Local steel manufacturing company in Saudi Arabia	3.75	40.80	16.47