Research Article
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as a Tool for Wheat Yield Estimation: A Case Study from Faisalabad, Pakistan
Table 4
Effect of varying nitrogen levels and wheat cultivars on NDVI score at different growth stages.
| Treatment | Tillering | Stem elongation | Booting | Anthesis | Grain filling | Maturity | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 |
| Nitrogen levels (N) | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 kg ha−1 | 0.31c | 0.34d | 0.53c | 0.51b | 0.53d | 0.51c | 0.73c | 0.64c | 0.82c | 0.72b | 0.49c | 0.34d | 55 kg ha−1 | 0.37b | 0.37c | 0.58bc | 0.64a | 0.58c | 0.62b | 0.78b | 0.76b | 0.84bc | 0.81a | 0.52c | 0.40c | 110 kg ha−1 | 0.41ab | 0.41b | 0.63ab | 0.64a | 0.62b | 0.72a | 0.80ab | 0.83ab | 0.85ab | 0.85a | 0.59b | 0.49b | 220 kg ha−1 | 0.44a | 0.47a | 0.65a | 0.66a | 0.73a | 0.73a | 0.82a | 0.87a | 0.87a | 0.88a | 0.65a | 0.61a | DMR (5%) | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.06 | Significance | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | S | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.013 | 0.013 | 0.006 | 0.010 | 0.006 | 0.022 | 0.006 | 0.019 | 0.013 | 0.014 | Varieties (V) | | | | | | | | | | | | | Faisalabad-2008 | 0.42a | 0.43a | 0.67a–c | 0.70a | 0.69a | 0.74a | 0.81a | 0.85a | 0.88a | 0.85a | 0.65a | 0.53a | Lasani-2008 | 0.41a | 0.42ab | 0.64bc | 0.68ab | 0.66ab | 0.70ab | 0.81ab | 0.82ab | 0.86ab | 0.83ab | 0.61ab | 0.49ab | Miraj-2008 | 0.39ab | 0.40a–c | 0.60a–c | 0.62a–c | 0.61cd | 0.66bc | 0.79a–c | 0.77cd | 0.86ab | 0.83ab | 0.58bc | 0.48b–d | Sahar-2006 | 0.39ab | 0.41a–c | 0.61bc | 0.62a–c | 0.62bc | 0.71ab | 0.80a–c | 0.79bc | 0.86e | 0.83ab | 0.59ab | 0.48a–c | Shafaq-2006 | 0.38a–c | 0.39a–c | 0.58ab | 0.60a–c | 0.59cd | 0.64c | 0.78bc | 0.74d | 0.84a–c | 0.81a–c | 0.54b–d | 0.44b–e | GA-2002 | 0.33c | 0.35d | 0.54d | 0.53c | 0.57d | 0.55e | 0.74d | 0.74d | 0.81b–e | 0.78c | 0.49d | 0.40e | Bakkhar-2001 | 0.35c | 0.38cd | 0.57a–c | 0.57bc | 0.59cd | 0.56de | 0.77c | 0.74d | 0.82de | 0.79bc | 0.51cd | 0.42de | Inqlab-91 | 0.38a–c | 0.39a–c | 0.58c | 0.60a–c | 0.60cd | 0.62c | 0.78a–c | 0.75d | 0.84b–d | 0.82a–c | 0.56b–d | 0.47b–d | Chakwal-50 | 0.39ab | 0.40a–c | 0.60bc | 0.61a–c | 0.58cd | 0.64c | 0.79a–c | 0.77cd | 0.85c–e | 0.82a–c | 0.57bc | 0.47b–d | Chakwal-97 | 0.36a–c | 0.38b–d | 0.57bc | 0.59bc | 0.57cd | 0.61cd | 0.77c | 0.75d | 0.83ab | 0.80bc | 0.53b–d | 0.43c–e | DMR (5%) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.05 | Significance | ** | ** | NS | * | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | S | 0.016 | 0.013 | 0.022 | 0.032 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.009 | 0.013 | 0.009 | 0.013 | 0.020 | 0.016 | Interaction (N V) | NS | NS | NS | NS | ** | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | ** | ** | Mean | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.66 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.5625 | 0.459 |
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Means not sharing any two letters differ significantly at (); *significant at 5% level; **significant at 1% level; NS: nonsignificant.
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