Research Article
Safety Identifying of Integral Abutment Bridges under Seismic and Thermal Loads
Table 3
Earthquake load related statistics.
| Variable | Bias | COV | Distribution type | Reference |
| Earthquake modeling factor, | 1.0 | 20% | Normal | [15] |
| Spectrum modeling factor, | San Francisco | 1.0 | 15% | Normal
|
[12] | Seattle | 25% | Memphis | 25% | New York | 30% | St. Paul | 40% |
| 75-year PGA, | San Francisco | from Figure 1 | from Figure 1 | from Figure 1 |
[16] | Seattle | Memphis | New York | St. Paul |
| Period modeling factor, | 0.9 | 20% | Normal | [17] |
| Weight, | 1.05 | 5% | Normal | [15] |
|
|