Empirical Research on Decoupling Relationship between Energy-Related Carbon Emission and Economic Growth in Guangdong Province Based on Extended Kaya Identity

Table 2

Eight decoupling states divided by Tapio (2005) [15].

Decoupling elasticity values (𝐷𝑡)	Δ𝐶/𝐶	ΔGDP/GDP	Decoupling states
𝐷𝑡<0	<0	>0	Strong decoupling
0≤𝐷𝑡<0.8	>0	>0	Weak decoupling
0.8≤𝐷𝑡≤1.2	>0	>0	Expansive coupling
𝐷𝑡>1.2	>0	>0	Expansive negative decoupling
𝐷𝑡<0	>0	<0	Strong negative decoupling
0≤𝐷𝑡<0.8	<0	<0	Weak negative decoupling
0.8≤𝐷𝑡≤1.2	<0	<0	Recessive coupling
𝐷𝑡>1.2	<0	<0	Recessive decoupling