Two-Layer Fragile Watermarking Method Secured with Chaotic Map for Authentication of Digital Holy Quran

Table 4

Six image manipulations applied on datasets.

Number	Image manipulation	Parameter	JPEG	PNG
1	Pixel manipulation	Window size 10×10	✓	✓
2	Blurring	Gaussian filter, sigma = 0.5	✓	✓
3	Noise	Gaussian noise, 150 blocks, block size 3×3, mean = 0.4, variance = 0.01	✓	✓
4	Median filtering	Filter size 3×3	✓	✓
5	Replacement/collage	—	✓	✓
6	JPEG compression	Quality factor {50,100}	✓	✗