Brain AVMs: An Endovascular, Surgical, and Radiosurgical Update

Table 1

Grading systems for AVMs.

Spetzler-Martin grading system for AVMs [9]		Spetzler-Ponce grading system for AVMs [10]			Grading score proposed by Lawton [11]
	Points	Class	Spetzler-Martin grade			Points
Size of nidus					Age (years)
Small (<3 cm)	1	A	I, II	Surgical resection	<20	1
Medium (3–6 cm)	2	B	III	Multimodality treatment	20–40	2
Large (>6 cm)	3	C	IV, V	No treatment	>40	3
Location					Unruptured presentation
Noneloquent site	0				No	0
Eloquent site	1				Yes	1
Pattern of venous drainage					Diffuse
Superficial only	0				No	0
Deep	1				Yes	1