Review Article
Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Biological Activities of Bixa orellana L.: A Review
Table 1
Traditional uses of annatto in American countries.
| Country/use | Plant part | References |
| Argentina | | | Antipyretic/cardiotonic/antidiarrheal | Seeds | [24] | Antidiarrheal/dyes/condiment | Seeds | [25] | Brazil | | | Body paint | Seeds | [26] | Insect repellent | Seeds | [27] | Condiment/food coloring | Seeds | [27] | Antipyretic | Seeds | [26] | Antipyretic/laxatives/burns | Seeds | [28] | Malaria | Seeds | [26] | Colombia | | | Snakebite | Leaves | [29] | Aphrodisiac | Seeds | [30] | Cuba | | | Aphrodisiac | Seeds | [31] | Guatemala | | | Gonorrhea/dysentery | Leaves | [32] | Hepatitis | Leaves | [33] | Dysentery | Leaves | [34] | Blood diseases | Leaves | [35] | Gonorrhea | Roots | [32] | Diabetes | Roots | [36] | Honduras | | | Aromatic/food coloring | Seeds | [37] | Pain/digestive/dysentery | Leaves | [38] | Jamaica | | | Diabetes | Seeds | [39] | Nicaragua | | | Respiratory and pulmonary disorders/diarrhea/diuretic/burns | Leaves + seeds | [40] | Labor pains | Seeds | [41] | Cough/cold/diuretic/diarrhea/burns/labor pains | Seeds | [40] | Paraguay | | | Insecticide/repellent | Seeds | [42] | Diabetes | Seeds | [39] | Peru | | | Aphrodisiac/aphrodisiac/diuretic/antidisenteria/astringent | Fruits | [34] | Antipyretic/skin problems | Leaves | [33] | Alcoholic hepatitis/worms | Roots | [33] | Antipyretic/aphrodisiac/dysentery/astringent/stomach | Seeds | [34] | Trinidad and Tobago | | | Diuretic | Leaves | [43] | Diabetes | Roots | [44] | Diabetes | Roots | [45] |
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