Mechanical Characteristics of Hardened Concrete with Different Mineral Admixtures: A Review

Table 1

Average pore diameter of cement replaced hardened pastes.

Authors	Mineral admixture	w/c or w/b ratio	% content	Average pore diameter (nm)					Remark
				3 days	7 days	28 days	60 days	90 days
Chindaprasirt et al. [15]	Control	0.35	0	—	—	23	19	15	Results estimated from Figure  2 of [15]. OFA had median particle size of 19.1 µm and CFA had 6.4 µm.
	Original fly ash (OFA)	0.35	20	—	—	22.5	18.75	13.75
			40	—	—	20	17.5	13
	Classified fly ash (CFA)	0.35	20	—	—	19	13.75	11.25
			40	—	—	18	13	9.5
Poon et al. [12]	Control	0.3	0	38	37.1	36.2	—	34.8	Results are borrowed from Table  3 of [12]
	Metakaolin	0.3	5	35.7	27.9	25.7	—	24.3
			10	28.7	25.1	19.7	—	18.6
			20	20.4	14.3	12.2	—	11.4
	Silica fume	0.3	5	36.6	37	36.7	—	34.9
			10	35.3	34.1	32.5	—	30.6
	Fly ash	0.3	20	36.8	35.6	34.7	—	33.9
Collins and Sanjayan [20]	Control	0.5	0	74.7	48.7	34.9	26.4*	—	Results are for pore radius, taken from Table  5 of [20]
	Alkali activated Slag	0.5	100	38.1	12.4	8.7	3.9*	—

∗Reported results are for 56 days.