Humoral and Haemocytic Responses of Litopenaeus vannamei to Cd Exposure

Table 2

Mean (±SD) hemocyanin (A: mmol L⁻¹) and protein (B) concentrations (mg mL⁻¹) of L. vannamei exposed to four concentrations (μg L⁻¹) of cadmium.

Time (hours)	Control	8.8	24.9	249	1245
A
5	0.42 ± 0.12^a	0.96 ± 0.24^cd	0.95 ± 0.13^cd	1.14 ± 0.57^d	0.93 ± 0.13^cd
48	0.88 ± 0.18^bc	0.73 ± 0.08^b	0.83 ± 0.10^bc	0.83 ± 0.09^c	0.83 ± 0.06^bc
96	0.78 ± 0.23^b	0.78 ± 0.13^b	0.61 ± 0.06^a	0.72 ± 0.17^ab	0.60 ± 0.18^a
B
5	15.53 ± 4.94^c	21.91 ± 3.02^d	22.81 ± 3.35^d	20.54 ± 7.71^cd	16.99 ± 5.23^cd
48	15.10 ± 5.29^c	11.11 ± 7.68^b	13.64 ± 5.86^bc	13.93 ± 5.37^b	12.30 ± 4.10^b
96	14.67 ± 7.58^c	14.50 ± 6.57^c	13.43 ± 5.65^bc	14.86 ± 2.72^bc	7.69 ± 7.03^a

Equal or common letters indicate lack of significant differences (two-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak tests, a ≤ ab ≤ b ≤ bc ≤ cd and a < b < c < d).