Humoral and Haemocytic Responses of Litopenaeus vannamei to Cd Exposure

Table 4

Mean values (±SD) of phenoloxidase activity (A), as PO units mg protein⁻¹, and of phenoloxidase activity to hemocyte concentration ratios (B) in L. vannamei, exposed to four concentrations (μg L⁻¹) of cadmium.

Time (hours)	Control	8.8	24.9	249	1245
A
5	0.107 ± 0.010^b	0.076 ± 0.010^a	0.068 ± 0.007^a	0.072 ± 0.011^a	0.085 ± 0.020^a
48	0.101 ± 0.007^b	0.152 ± 0.020^d	0.101 ± 0.013^b	0.113 ± 0.047^b	0.104 ± 0.012^b
96	0.121 ± 0.022^c	0.112 ± 0.007^bc	0.138 ± 0.012^d	0.088 ± 0.041^b	0.109 ± 0.012^b
B
5	0.080 ± 0.023^a	0.123 ± 0.141^ab	0.158 ± 0.213^ab	0.064 ± 0.036^a	0.164 ± 0.148^ab
48	0.059 ± 0.021^a	0.280 ± 0.174^bc	0.155 ± 0.117^abc	0.209 ± 0.154^abc	0.179 ± 0.089^ab
96	0.123 ± 0.075^ab	0.327 ± 0.153^cd	0.269 ± 0.154^cd	0.414 ± 0.152^cd	0.683 ± 0.678^d

Equal or common letters indicate lack of significant differences (two-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak test, a ≤ ab ≤ b ≤ bc ≤ cd and a < b < c < d).