Suppression Effects of Betaine-Enriched Spinach on Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced by Guanidinoacetic Acid and Choline Deficiency in Rats

Table 1

Body weight gain, food intake, and liver weight of rats fed the experimental diets (experiments 1 and 2)¹.

Diet	Body weight gain; g/10 d	Food intake; g/10 d	Liver weight; g/100 g body weight
Experiment  1
25C	42.8 ± 1.6	126 ± 5	4.49 ± 0.04^a
25CG	46.2 ± 2.3	125 ± 3	4.28 ± 0.07^ab
25CG + 0.05% Bet	44.5 ± 2.2	127 ± 6	4.28 ± 0.07^ab
25CG + 2.76% Spi	50.4 ± 2.5	122 ± 3	4.25 ± 0.05^ab
25CG + 0.10% Bet	43.2 ± 2.2	122 ± 3	4.21 ± 0.04^b
25CG + 5.52% Spi	49.6 ± 1.8	125 ± 4	4.17 ± 0.04^b
25CG + 0.20% Bet	48.8 ± 2.3	128 ± 3	4.27 ± 0.06^ab
25CG + 11.1% Spi	50.2 ± 1.5	122 ± 1	4.33 ± 0.05^ab
Experiment  2
25S	40.5 ± 1.5	136 ± 4	4.17 ± 0.05^ab
25SCD	40.0 ± 1.8	140 ± 3	4.30 ± 0.05^a
25SCD + 0.05% Bet	44.0 ± 3.0	142 ± 3	4.23 ± 0.04^ab
25SCD + 1.91% Spi	46.9 ± 1.8	143 ± 2	4.27 ± 0.06^ab
25SCD + 0.10% Bet	43.3 ± 3.5	135 ± 5	4.05 ± 0.05^b
25SCD + 3.82% Spi	48.4 ± 2.0	138 ± 4	4.08 ± 0.08^ab

¹Each value is the mean ± SEM, . Values with different letters are significantly different at . 25C, 25% casein diet; 25CG, 25C + 0.5% guanidinoacetic acid; 25S, 25% soybean protein diet; 25SCD, choline-deprived 25S; Bet, betaine; Spi, spinach.