Health Care Expenditure and GDP in African Countries: Evidence from Semiparametric Estimation with Panel Data

Table 1

Descriptive statistics (1995–2009, observations = 630).

Variable	Minimum	Mean	Maximum	Std-deviation
lnHCE	1.344	3.347	6.365	1.034
lnGDP	4.634	6.344	9.213	1.029
lnPOP65	0.637	1.128	1.936	0.245
lnIMR	1.411	4.238	5.071	0.619
22 lower income countries	Benin; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Central African Republic; Chad; Comoros; Congo, Dem.Rep; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Kenya; Madagascar; Malawi; Mali; Mozambique; Niger; Rwanda; Sierra Leone; Tanzania; Togo; Uganda
20 middle income countries	Angola; Algeria; Botswana; Cameroon; Congo, Rep.; Cote d’Ivoire; Djibouti; Egypt, Arab Rep.; Ghana; Gabon; Lesotho; Mauritania; Mauritius; Nigeria; Senegal; Sudan; South Africa; Swaziland; Tunisia; Zambia