Caenorhabditis elegans as Model System in Pharmacology and Toxicology: Effects of Flavonoids on Redox-Sensitive Signalling Pathways and Ageing

Table 1

Modulation of the mean, median, and maximum life span in C. elegans by flavonoids in different studies.

Flavonoid	Concentration	Temperature	Mean	Median	Maximum	References
			life span (%)	life span (%)	life span (%)
3′-O-Methylepicatechin	200 μM	20°C	7	11	4	Surco-Laos et al., 2012 [42]
4′-O-Methylepicatechin	200 μM	20°C	13	11	10	Surco-Laos et al., 2012 [42]
3-O-Methyl quercetin; (isorhamnetin)	200 μM	20°C	16	/	16	Surco-Laos et al., 2011 [34]
4-O-Methyl quercetin; (tamarixetin)	200 μM	20°C	11	/	/	Surco-Laos et al., 2011 [34]
Baicalein	100 μM	25°C	45	57	14	Havermann et al., 2013 [39]
Catechin	100 μM	20°C	8	11	/	Saul et al., 2009 [41]
	200 μM	20°C	9	13	/	Saul et al., 2009 [41]
	200 μM	20°C	No difference	No difference	No difference	Surco-Laos et al., 2012 [42]
	200 μM	15°C	15	14	/	Saul et al., 2009 [41]
	200 μM	23°C	11	9	/	Saul et al., 2009 [41]
	300 μM	20°C	6	10	/	Saul et al., 2009 [41]
	400 μM	20°C	8	11	/	Saul et al., 2011 [7]
	800 μM	20°C	6	10	/	Saul et al., 2011 [7]
Epicatechin	200 μM	20°C	No difference	No difference	No difference	Surco-Laos et al., 2012 [42]
	100 μM	20°C	15	/	11	Bartholome et al., 2010 [43]
Epigallocatechin gallate	100 μM	20°C	20	/	13	Bartholome et al., 2010 [43]
	220 μM	20°C	10	/	/	Abbas and Wink, 2009 [44]
	25 μM	22°C	No difference	/	No difference	Brown et al., 2006 [60]
	0,1 μg/mL (=0,2  μM)	20°C, 25°C	No difference	/	/	Zhang et al., 2009 [71]
	1 μg/mL (=2,2 μM)	20°C, 25°C	No difference	/	/
	10 μg/mL (=22 μM)	20°C, 25°C	No difference	/	/
Icariin	45 μM	25°C	21	/	/	Cai et al., 2011 [40]
Icariside II	20 μM	25°C	22	/	/	Cai et al., 2011 [40]
Isorhamnetin; (3-O-methyl quercetin)	200 μM	20°C	16	/	16	Surco-Laos et al., 2011 [34]
Kaempferol	100 μM	20°C	6	/	7	Grünz et al., 2012 [36]
Myricetin	100 μM	20°C	18	/	22	Grünz et al., 2012 [36]
	100 μM	25°C	33			Büchter et al., 2013 [38]
Quercetin	50 μM	20°C	No difference	/	/	Pietsch et al., 2011 [35]
	20 μg/mL (=66,2 μM)	20°C	14	/	/	Xue et al., 2011 [33]
	100 μM	20°C	6	/	18	Grünz et al., 2012 [36]
	100 μM	20°C	15	19	15	Kampkötter et al., 2007 [37]
	100 μM	20°C	10	/	/	Saul et al., 2008 [31]
	100 μM	20°C	11	/	/	Pietsch et al., 2009 [32]
	200 μM	20°C	18	21	/	Pietsch et al., 2009 [32]
	200 μM	20°C	10	/	/	Saul et al., 2008 [31]
	200 μM	20°C	11	/	/	Surco-Laos et al., 2011 [34]
	250 μM	20°C	About −7,00	/	/	Pietsch et al., 2011 [35]
Quercetin 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside	20 μg/mL (=43,1 μM)	20°C	12	/	/	Xue et al., 2011 [33]
Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-(4→1)-β-D-glucopyranoside	20 μg/mL	20°C	20	/	/	Xue et al., 2011 [33]