Safety Evaluation of Multiple Strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus in Wistar Rats Based on the Ames Test and a 28-Day Feeding Study
Table 3
Blood chemistry in rats that were treated orally with multiple LAB strains for 28 days.
Parameters
Control
Multiplex LAB strains
Normal dose
High dose
BUN (mg/dL)
M
8.24 ± 1.04a
8.91 ± 0.75a
8.15 ± 0.57a
F
8.49 ± 1.36a
8 ± 0.98a
7.83 ± 0.78a
GOT (U/L)
M
106.25 ± 15.38ab
122.63 ± 20.63a
98 ± 17.73b
F
139.38 ± 18.21c
120.3 ± 10.86b
93.25 ± 11.59a
GPT (U/L)
M
79.13 ± 6.13a
78.38 ± 15.01a
67.88 ± 11.31a
F
51.13 ± 7.3a
51 ± 8.64a
53 ± 10.7a
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)
M
92.38 ± 11.16a
91.63 ± 14.47a
87.5 ± 8.89a
F
160.13 ± 45.01b
108.7 ± 8.64a
98.5 ± 14.39a
Total protein (g/dL)
M
7.14 ± 0.14a
7.11 ± 0.14a
7.1 ± 0.07a
F
7.28 ± 0.25a
7.1 ± 0.24a
7.14 ± 0.14a
Albumin (g/dL)
M
4.1 ± 0.18a
4.01 ± 0.11a
3.95 ± 0.05a
F
4.11 ± 0.22a
3.9 ± 0.24a
4.06 ± 0.11a
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
M
0.74 ± 0.06b
0.64 ± 0.09a
0.7 ± 0.09ab
F
0.76 ± 0.13b
0.7 ± 0.01ab
0.64 ± 0.09a
GGT (U/L)
M
22.25 ± 3.15b
17.38 ± 3.62a
17.13 ± 1.96a
F
14.13 ± 1.36a
14.9 ± 2.12ab
16.5 ± 2b
Creatinine (mg/dL)
M
0.55 ± 0.07b
0.5 ± 0.02a
0.48 ± 0.04a
F
0.5 ± 0.05a
0.5 ± 0.03a
0.49 ± 0.02a
Cholesterol (mg/dL)
M
107.25 ± 13b
93.63 ± 9.49a
88.25 ± 11.09a
F
96.25 ± 8a
91.3 ± 78.16a
94.13 ± 9.98a
Glucose (mg/dL)
M
121.13 ± 24.01ab
108.75 ± 20.62a
134.75 ± 14.49b
F
66 ± 19.34b
113.1 ± 25a
111.13 ± 22.63a
Na+ (mmol/L)
M
143.5 ± 3.25a
144.13 ± 2.03a
143.75 ± 2.44a
F
145.88 ± 3.18a
143.9 ± 2.91a
144.25 ± 2.17a
K+ (mmol/L)
M
4.73 ± 0.21b
4.91 ± 0.18ab
4.95 ± 0.15a
F
5.21 ± 0.18a
4.9 ± 0.2b
4.98 ± 0.14b
Cl− (mmol/L)
M
108 ± 2.73a
109.13 ± 2.17a
108.88 ± 3.3a
F
107.5 ± 3.25a
108.1 ± 3.29a
107.38 ± 2.34a
Ca2+ (mg/dL)
M
9.76 ± 0.169a
9.56 ± 0.26a
9.69 ± 0.19a
F
9.38 ± 0.33a
9.6 ± 0.25a
9.59 ± 0.25a
P (mg/dL)
M
4.63 ± 0.4a
4.54 ± 0.28a
4.79 ± 0.19a
F
4.34 ± 0.21a
4.3 ± 0.23a
4.48 ± 0.27a
All values are represented as the mean ± S.D. of Wistar rats ( 8–10/sex/dose). BUN: blood urea nitrogen; GOT: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GPT: serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase; GGT: gamma glutamyl transferase; Na+: sodium; K+: potassium. Cl−: chloride; Ca2+: calcium; P: inorganic phosphate; M: male; F: female. a,b,c compared with the control group by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test.