The Comparison of Pain Caused by Suprapubic Aspiration and Transurethral Catheterization Methods for Sterile Urine Collection in Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the participating neonates.

Procedure	SPA (𝑛=43)	TUC (𝑛=42)	𝑃
Weight			0.7
<1800 g	1 (2.3%)	2 (4.8%)
1800–2800 g	8 (18.6%)	9 (21.4%)
>2800 g	34 (79.1%)	31 (73.8%)
Gestational age			0.5
28–31 6/7 wk	0 (0%)	1 (2.3%)
32–35 6/7 wk	9 (20.9%)	7 (16.6%)
≥36 wk	34 (79.1%)	34 (80.9%)
Sex			0.4
Male	22 (51.2%)	25 (59.5%)
Female	21 (48.8%)	17 (40.5%)
Gestational age, mean (SD), wk	37.3 (2.1)	37.2 (2.6)	0.9
Chronological age, mean (SD), d	13.9 (16.4)	11.5 (12.9)	0.9
Weight (at admission), mean (SD), g	3296.5 (903.5)	3056.9 (628.4)	0.16
Diagnosis
Icter, 𝑛 (%)	30 (69.8%)	28 (68.3%)
Sepsis, 𝑛 (%)	6 (14%)	5 (12.2%)	0.9
Others, 𝑛 (%)	7 (16.3%)	8 (19.5%)
Circumcision of males	37 (86%)	41 (97.6%)	0.1
No, 𝑛 (%)
Yes, 𝑛 (%)	6 (14%)	1 (2.4%)