Environmental Temperature and Thermal Indices: What Is the Most Effective Predictor of Heat-Related Mortality in Different Geographical Contexts?
Table 1
Descriptive statistics for daily all-cause mortality of the very elderly (subjects ≥75 years of age), air pollution, and meteorological parameters measured in urban and suburban areas of Florence and Livorno during the warmest period of the year (May–October) from 2006 to 2008. Mean, standard deviation (SD), and 10th, 75th, and 90th percentiles are shown.
Variables
Unit
Inland plain city: Florence
Coastal plain city: Livorno
Mean (±SD)
10th
75th
90th
Mean (±SD)
10th
75th
90th
Mortality age ≥75 years
N
7.0 (±2.7)
4
9
11
3.5 (±2.0)
1
5
6
Air pollution
SO2
µg m−3
1.6 (±0.8)
0.8
1.9
2.6
4.3 (±3.9)
0.7
6.0
9.5
NO2
µg m−3
38.1 (±11.9)
23.5
45.4
52.8
31.5 (±7.2)
23.4
35.2
40.1
CO
µg m−3
0.6 (±0.2)
0.4
0.7
0.8
0.5 (±0.1)
0.4
0.6
0.7
O3
µg m−3
70.1 (±20.4)
42.9
83.3
95.7
76.0 (±18.0)
52.1
87.9
99.4
PM10
µg m−3
30.6 (±11.3)
18.6
35.3
43.4
27.7 (±7.9)
19.4
31.2
37.4
Meteorology
Urban
°C
20.6 (±3.8)
15.6
23.9
25.7
20.4 (±3.3)
16.1
23.2
24.7
RH
%
40.1 (±13.3)
24.6
48.2
57.2
50.0 (±12.6)
31.9
58.4
64.5
m s−1
1.7 (±0.7)
0.9
1.9
2.2
2.0 (±0.6)
1.1
2.3
2.9
°C
21.1 (±5.9)
12.7
25.7
28.1
21.2 (±5.1)
13.8
25.1
26.9
Suburban
°C
21.9 (±4.2)
16.4
25.5
27.8
22.6 (±3.6)
17.9
25.4
27.3
RH
%
42.4 (±13.2)
25.8
50.0
59.6
61.1 (±16.6)
39.4
72.4
84.1
m s−1
3.1 (±0.7)
2.2
3.5
3.9
5.5 (±2.5)
3.5
5.8
8.3
°C
22.5 (±6.3)
13.6
27.3
30.0
23.2 (±5.2)
16.0
26.9
29.1
: environmental temperature; RH: relative humidity; : 10 m high horizontal wind speed; : mean radiant temperature.
