A Dynamic Integrated Fault Diagnosis Method for Power Transformers

Table 1

Node description in Figure 4 [15].

Node description (symbol)
Abnormal working conditions ()	Abnormal overload ); External short circuit ); Lightening )
Failure symptoms ()	Earthing current of core ); An overheating abnormal symptom indicated by three-ratio-code ); Three-phase unbalanced factor of winding DC resistance ); Water content in transformer oil ); A discharge abnormal symptom indicated by three-ratio-code ); Deviation of winding ratio ); Partial discharge ); (co)/(co2)); Absorption ratio or polarization index )
Failure modes )	Multipoint earthing of core ); Insulation aging ); Overheating with flux leakage ); Winding short circuited ); Insulation dampened ); Failure of tap-changer ); Suspended discharge ); Discharge in barrier ); Winding deformation ); Discharge in transformer oil )