Research Article

Brain Computer Interface on Track to Home

Table 1

Recommendations from users in order of priority.

Key aspects of the systemUser requirementsRecommendations/planned system specs

EffectivenessWith the system users should achieve the task as accurately and completely as possibleImplementation of famous faces paradigm for the P300 matrix, dynamic stopping method, and error suppression

ReliabilityThe system must be stable during everyday use Only those services that are stable (after an initial test with preliminary test users) will be evaluated during independent home Use/software bugs will be fixed during initial testing phase
RobustnessThe system has to be robust with respect to anomalies, malfunctioning or in case some sensors or services stop working; in all those situations, the system should continue to work with reduced functionalities

Functionality The system should allow the user to perform as many (simple) tasks as possible to increase autonomy of userSpelling, web browser, multimedia player, Cognitive Rehabilitation Games, Smart Home control, Brain Painting

Ease of use(i) The system should be simple to operate (menus should be intuitive)
(ii) The software and hardware must be easy to set-up by nonexperts
(iii) Instructions on how to operate the system must be clear
(iv) Minimal technical support should be necessary (technical problems should be resolvable via remote access)
(i) Assured through the evaluation of a mockup of the software
(ii) A one click interface is planned
(iii) An easy to understand user guide will be created/including video explanations

Efficiency Workload and speed of communication should be at an acceptable level, ideally comparable or better than the AT in useA dynamic stopping method during usage of the services will assure that only the necessary amount of repetitions will be used to maximize speed

Safety The system must not constitute a risk to the health of the user; this concerns especially the safety of the individual parts (electrodes, wires, etc.) The system does not constitute a risk to the health of the user; the hardware is CE certified/this will be communicated to increase its acceptance

Comfort(i) The EEG cap should be comfortable to wear for several hours
(ii) To prevent fatigue of one modality (e.g., eyestrain) users should be able to switch between different control signals (modes of control)
(iii) Ideally no gel is necessary to acquire good EEG signals
(i) Only P300 will be implemented because this control signal offers the best compromise of accuracy and stability
(ii) The developed EEG systems can be dry or gel-based depending on the users preferences

Privacy(i) No information should be transmitted or be visible to persons except to those it is intended for or the user has agreed to share the information with
(ii) Information that is transmitted wirelessly or via an internet connection must be transmitted and stored sufficiently securely
(i) A secure protocol will be used for transmission of data over the internet (hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS))
(ii) No sensitive data will be transmitted wireless
(iii) All information will be stored according to data protection laws

Mobility(i) To allow for maximum mobility, the system should be small and wireless
(ii) It should be possible to use the system in a lying position and/or if the user is seated (e.g., if the user is lying in his bed or sitting in a wheelchair)
The EEG system will be both small and wireless

Possibility of independent use The user should be able to operate the system with as little help from the caregiver as possible After the EEG setup is done and the system started, the user can switch between applications or pause the system by himself and because of the planned noncontrol state detection system, the BCI will refrain from making selections if the user is not concentrating on the control matrix

Aesthetic design(i) The design of the interface should be appealing
(ii) The design of the cap should be appealing and as inconspicuous as possible
(i) The design of the cap could not be influenced without compromising its functionality
(ii) Size of the amplifier must be reduced and transmission to the computer is wireless

Configurable to the needs of the userThe system should contain the possibility to adjust the system to the needs of the individual user (e.g., store prerecorded sentences or implement shortcuts)The system will cover many services already but the software will also be implemented such that it allows for extensibility with other applications that are desired by the user