Thermal Annealing Effect on Structural, Morphological, and Sensor Performance of PANI-Ag-Fe Based Electrochemical E. coli Sensor for Environmental Monitoring

Figure 5

- measurement for PANI-Ag-Fe thin film sensor for the samples before annealing, (a) without E. coli, (b) with E. coli, and for the samples after annealing, (c) without E. coli, (d) with E. coli.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)