Review Article
WRKY Proteins: Signaling and Regulation of Expression during Abiotic Stress Responses
Table 2
Role of WRKY proteins in both abiotic and biotic stresses.
| Stress type | Gene | Inducible factors | Function in stress | References |
| Abiotic stress | AtWRKY2 | NaCl, mannitol | Negatively regulates ABA signaling | [74] | AtWRKY18 | ABA | ABA signaling and salt tolerance | [119] | AtWRKY26 | Heat | Heat tolerance | [34] | AtWRKY39 | Heat | Heat tolerance | [96] | AtWRKY40 | ABA | ABA signaling | [119] | OsWRKY08 | Drought, salinity, ABA, and oxidative stress | Tolerance towards oxidative stress | [120] | OsWRKY11 | Heat, drought | Xerothermic stress tolerance | [121] | OsWRKY89 | Salinity, ABA, and UV-B | UV-B radiation tolerance | [122] | OsWRKY45 | Salt, drought | Salt and drought tolerance | [123] | OsWRKY72 | Salt, drought | Salt and drought tolerance | [124] | GmWRKY21 | Salt, cold, and drought | Cold tolerance | [72] | GmWRKY54 | Salt, drought | Salt and drought tolerance | [72] |
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Biotic stress | AtWRKY38 | Target of NPR1 during Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) | Increases Salicylic Acid- (SA-) mediated response | [125] | AtWRKY53 | Target of NPR1 during SAR | Increases SA- mediated response | [125] | AtWRKY66 | Target of NPR1 during SAR | Increases SA- mediated response | [125] | AtWRKY70 | Target of NPR1 during SAR | Node of convergence for SA-mediated and jasmonic acid- (JA-) mediated defence signaling | [126] | OsWRKY31 | Magnaporthe oryzae | Increased resistance | [127] | OsWRKY45 | M. oryzae | Increased resistance | [128] | OsWRKY77 | Pseudomonas syringae | Positively regulates plant basal resistance | [129] | HvWRKY10 | Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) | ETI activator | [130] |
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“At” refers to Arabidopsis thaliana, “Os” to Oryza sativa, “Gm” to Glycine max, and “Hv” to Hordeum vulgare.
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