The Productivity Dilemma in Workplace Health Promotion

Table 1

Consequences of nursing understaffing.

References		Outcome
Needleman et al., 2011 [11]; ( = 197,961 admissions)	Shift with RN staffing level 8 hr or more below target during the first 5 days after admission (no patient time in ICU)	12% increase in patient mortality
	Shift with high patient turnover during the first 5 days after admission (no patient time in ICU)	12% increase in patient mortality
	Shift with high patient turnover during the first 5 days after admission (all admissions)	7% increase in patient mortality
	Shift with high patient turnover during the first 30 days after admission (all admissions)	4% increase in patient mortality
Aiken et al., 2002 [12]; ( = 232,342 admissions)	Increase in 1 patient/RN/shift	(i) 7% increase in patient deaths within 30 days of admission; (ii) 7% increase in failure to rescue; (iii) 23% increase in RN burnout; (iv) 15% increase in RN job satisfaction