Coapplication of Chicken Litter Biochar and Urea Only to Improve Nutrients Use Efficiency and Yield of Oryza sativa L. Cultivation on a Tropical Acid Soil

Table 9

Effects of coapplication of biochar and urea on nutrients uptake in a pot study.

Treatment	T1	T2	T4	T5	T6	T7	T8
	mg hill^−1
Total N	11.2^e  ±  1.07	39.0^ab  ±  2.33	43.7^a  ±  2.72	43.7^a  ±  1.24	34.4^bc  ±  1.02	29.1^cd  ±  1.71	21.9^d  ±  0.54
Si	20.8^c  ±  5.10	110.6^abc  ±  9.05	219.7^a  ±  21.43	166.7^ab  ±  45.77	143.8^abc  ±  40.35	150.1^abc  ±  34.99	100.0^abc  ±  5.62
	mg hill^−1
Total P	3.3^d  ±  0.53	30.7^b  ±  2.62	52.3^a  ±  1.38	30.2^b  ±  3.18	25.6^bc  ±  0.81	22.0^bc  ±  2.02	19.7^c  ±  1.18
K^+	46.3^e  ±  8.20	238.4^d  ±  11.01	506.0^a  ±  52.28	347.3^bc  ±  16.57	421.8^ab  ±  13.96	383.0^b  ±  15.97	361.8^bc  ±  6.56
Ca^2+	19.7^d  ±  2.03	84.6^bc  ±  10.30	147.8^a  ±  11.07	137.3^a  ±  7.73	142.0^a  ±  8.13	126.3^a  ±  4.29	119.4^ab  ±  8.35
Mg^2+	11.2^d  ±  2.42	40.2^c  ±  2.25	80.3^a  ±  7.54	65.2^ab  ±  4.01	83.6^a  ±  10.91	67.2^ab  ±  3.59	55.7^bc  ±  1.54
Na^2+	12.0^e  ±  1.98	30.3^bcd  ±  4.96	43.5^ab  ±  5.37	35.4^abc  ±  1.84	48.7^a  ±  1.76	38.3^abc  ±  2.33	25.4^cde  ±  1.84
Fe^2+	3.7^cd  ±  0.59	16.7^a  ±  0.71	6.2^b  ±  0.58	4.4^bcd  ±  0.32	4.9^bc  ±  0.61	3.6^cd  ±  0.51	2.5^d  ±  0.22
Cu^2+	0.05^d  ±  0.005	0.25^c  ±  0.019	0.45^ab  ±  0.013	0.48^a  ±  0.017	0.48^a  ±  0.016	0.47^ab  ±  0.023	0.38^b  ±  0.017
Zn^2+	0.9^b  ±  0.28	4.6^ab  ±  0.65	6.5^ab  ±  2.88	8.4^a  ±  0.91	6.7^ab  ±  1.74	6.5^ab  ±  1.71	6.8^ab  ±  0.58
Mn^2+	0.96^e  ±  0.08	3.43^c  ±  0.16	5.43^a  ±  0.18	4.71^ab  ±  0.09	5.12^a  ±  0.26	3.96^bc  ±  0.30	3.74^c  ±  0.09

Different letters within a row indicate significant difference between means using Tukey’s test at ≤ 0.05.