Minimally Invasive Technique for PMMA Augmentation of Fenestrated Screws

Figure 4

Intraoperative setting. The injection cannulas had been filled with bone cement and had been introduced through the screw extenders into the screw heads. The pushers were inserted to inject the bone cement through the cannulated screws and their fenestrations in the distal third of the thread into the vertebral body under fluoroscopic monitoring.