Research Article
Essential Oil Composition of Pinus peuce Griseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo
Table 3
Composition (%) of the twigs oils of Pinus peuce from different locations.
| | | | Sharri National Park | Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park | RT | KI | Compounds | Peribreg | Oshlak | Pashallar | Average | Junik | Liqenat | Hajlë | Roshkodol | Average |
| 7.80 | 926 | Tricyclene | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.17 | 8.16 | 940 | α-Pinene | 24.0 | 11.0 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 14.9 | 20.2 | 16.5 | 14.3 | 16.5 | 8.58 | 954 | Camphene | 5.9 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 5.1 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 9.26 | 975 | Sabinene | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 9.43 | 979 | β-Pinene | 12.0 | 20.7 | 19.6 | 17.4 | 6.9 | 9.7 | 11.1 | 16.5 | 11.0 | 9.68 | 990 | Myrcene | 1.8 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 10.22 | 1005 | α-Phellandrene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 10.42 | 1011 | 3-Carene | 0.1 | 0.00 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 10.87 | 1017 | α-Terpinene | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 11.10 | 1029 | β-Phellandrene | 29.0 | 40.4 | 34. | 34.5 | 49.8 | 34.0 | 48.5 | 48.2 | 45.1 | 13.08 | 1037 | β-Z-Ocimene | 0.15 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 14.30 | 1059 | γ-Terpinene | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 14.94 | 1088 | Terpinolene | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 15.00 | 1122 | E-Pinene hydrate | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 15.97 | 1126 | α-Campholenal | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 16.36 | 1138 | iso-3-Thujanol | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 16.82 | 1141 | Z-Verbenol | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 17.09 | 1165 | Borneol | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 17.42 | 1177 | Terpinene-4-ol | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.05 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 17.59 | 1188 | α-Terpineol | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 17.82 | 1195 | Myrtenal | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 17.89 | 1208 | E-Piperitol | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 18.25 | 1216 | E-Carveol | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 18.78 | 1257 | Linalool acetate | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 20.32 | 1285 | Bornyl acetate | 7.4 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 5.6 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 22.49 | 1349 | α-Terpineol acetate | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 23.58 | 1376 | α-Copaene | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 23.94 | 1384 | β-Bourbonene | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.01 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 24.07 | 1391 | β-Elemene | 0.04 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 25.45 | 1418 | β-Caryophyllene | 0.03 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 26.07 | 1432 | β-Copaene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 26.31 | 1434 | α-E-Bergamotene | 0.1 | 05 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 26.60 | 1454 | α-Humulene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 27.00 | 1466 | Z-Muurola-4(14),5-diene | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 27.25 | 1481 | Germacrene D | 6.3 | 8.3 | 4.9 | 6,5 | 10.6 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 7.6 | 27.42 | 1500 | Bicyclogermacrene | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 27.61 | 1513 | γ-Cadinene | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 27.73 | 1523 | δ-Cadinene | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 28.24 | 1538 | α-Cadinene | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 28.49 | 1563 | E- Nerolidol | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 29.57 | 1574 | Germacrene-4-ol | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 30.26 | 1576 | Spathulenol | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 30.36 | 1583 | Caryophyllene oxide | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 31.39 | 1636 | Humulene epoxide II | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 32.08 | 1636 | Z-Cadin-4-en-7ol | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 32.28 | 1646 | Cubenol | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 32.40 | 1646 | α-Muurolol | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 32.69 | 1653 | α-Cadinol | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 33.68 | 1688 | Eudesma-4(15),7-diene-1-β-ol | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 38.96 | 1733 | Oplopanone | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 45.69 | 1929 | Cembrene | 0.05 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| | | Yield % v/w | 2.3–3.2 | 3.0–3.3 | 1.7–2.3 | | 2.4–2.6 | 1.6–2.2 | 1.8–2.0 | 2.4–3.0 | |
| | | Monoterpenes | 74.0 | 75.8 | 78.5 | | 78.3 | 71.8 | 80.5 | 82.9 | | | | Oxygenated monoterpenes | 5.3 | 4.7 | 5.6 | | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 3.7 | | | | Sesquiterpenes | 9.9 | 13.2 | 9.9 | | 14.5 | 13.1 | 11.1 | 9.3 | | | | Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 2.9 | 3.5 | 2.8 | | 3.8 | 6.3 | 4.7 | 2.1 | | | | Diterpenes | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.1 | | | | Others | 7.9 | 2.6 | 3.2 | | 2.1 | 6.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | |
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